Extract
The element of surprise in warfare.
Alexander Ivanovich Kalistratov was born in Ukraine in 1946. He was with the Armed Forces from 1964 to 1996. He finished Kiev's Higher Combined-Arms Command School, Military Academy named after M.V. Frunze, and its postgraduate department. The command positions he held ranged from platoon commander to deputy battalion commander; his staff positions ranged from operational department officer to senior officer, operational directorate, military district staff; his teaching positions ranged from teacher to department professor. From 1996 on, he is Professor of the Operational Art Department in the Combined-Arms Academy, Russian Federation Armed Forces.
In everyday human terms, surprise is the highest degree of unexpectedness, both negative and positive, of certain events in the context of a subject's activities. If negative, it will require immediate radical and resolute steps to mend the crisis it caused. If positive, it will call for a no less rapid and resolute reaction in order to capitalize on the unexpected chance. In military art, surprise means operations by forces that are utterly unexpecte...See the full content of this document
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