Extract
Green engines development using compressed natural gas as an alternative fuel: a review.
INTRODUCTION
It is well known that fossil fuel reserves all over the world are diminishing at an alarming rate and a shortage of crude oil is expected at the early decades of this century. Probably in this century, it is believed that crude oil and petroleum products will become very scare and costly to find and produce. Gasoline and diesel will become scarce and most costly (13). Alternative fuel technology, availability and use must and will become more common in the coming decades. Any researchers did the several research to substitute fossil fuel oil to another alternative fuels and one of it is used natural gas (6-56). Natural gas is found in various locations in oil and gas bearing sand strata located at various depths below the earth surface (13). The natural gas is usually under considerable pressure and flows out naturally from the oil well. In addition to this, the deteriorating quality of air we breathe is becoming another great public concern and tighter regulation of both local and global emissions from engines is anticipated. Natural gas is the most favorite for fossil fuel substitution (11). Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) is a gaseous form of natural gas, it have been recognized as one of the promising alternative fuel due to its substantial benefits compared to gasoline and diesel. These include lower fuel cost, higher octane and most certainly, cleaner exhaust gas emissions. Therefore, the number of vehicle powered by CNG engine was growing rapidly (5), (12) The great problems of the world in the internal combustion engines usage until today, according to (2), (4), (5) are focuses on environment protection and economically fuel consumption. In the internal combustion engines there are any gasoline engines and diesel engines were used to generate the power in industries and transportations. According to (2), (4), (5) the problems needed the new design, research and technology to found the new design of the new engine or its component so its can use of the alternative fuels another gasoline and diesel, protect and friendly with the environment, high power and efficient in fuel consumption. So, some engine researcher and designers (6-58) did the any new design, new concepts and new ideas to found the new engines better and better was have a high power and friendly with the environment and efficient on fuel consumption. Compressed natural gas: Natural gas is prod...See the full content of this document
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