The effect of contextual learning in civic education on students' civic competence.

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The effect of contextual learning in civic education on students' civic competence.

INTRODUCTION

The development of civic education could not be isolated from globalization, which has an effect on students' life. Globalization demands civic education to develop civic competence involving civic knowledge, civic skills and civic disposition, which are multidimensional. Civic education has also carried out civic education mission for democracy and value-based education. Civic education learning oriented to "contextualized multiple intelligences" concept opened the view of the needs to manage more creative, active participation, meaningful and pleasant learning. Therefore, the implementation of contextual teaching and learning in civic education learning is needed.

The fact that Indonesia today is still dominated by conventional system, so that the implementation of learning oriented to "contextualized multiple intelligences" concept was far from its hope. It was proved with some serious problems faced, in which most students could not relate what they have learnt with the knowledge in recent and future life. It means that learning was not meaningful for students to solve civic problems occurring in their lives. Learning had not been able to develop civic knowledge, civic skills and civic disposition comprehensively. It happened because civic education did not correlate the materials with the students' life reality, was not contextual, gave more abilities to memorize, but not to think creatively, critically and analytically, moreover it caused the students' apathetic attitude and they thought that civic education was not an important and interesting subject.

Therefore, contextual teaching and learning approach should be developed as one of the alternatives. This approach is effective because it assumes that learning process would be actually occurring if the students could find meaningful correlation between abstract thinking and practical application in the real world context. In such learning experience, facts, concepts, principles and procedures as subject materials that are internalized through discovery, reinforcement, interrelationship and integrity processes (9), (15). Contextual learning is a coordination between subject materials (contents) and intellectual skills that should be possessed by the students in a condition or situation which is suitable with the students' cognitive psychology and environmental needs (2). Furthermore, Johnson (13) emphasized that Co...

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