Extract
Chaper 2 metal Removal Methods.
Metal Removal
Cutting-Tool Materials Metal Removal Methods Machinability of Metals Single Point machining Turning Tools and Operations Turning Methods and Machines Grooving and Threading Shaping and Planing Hole Making Processes Drills and Drilling Operations Drilling Methods and Machines Boring Operations and Machines Reaming and Tapping Multi Point Machining Milling Cutters and Operations Milling Methods and Machines Broaches and Broaching Saws and Sawing Finishing Processes Grinding Wheels and Operations Grinding Methods and Machines Lapping and Honing 2.1 Introduction Even with all of the sophisticated equipment and techniques used in today's modern industry, the basic mechanics of forming a chip remain the same. As the cutting tool engages the workpiece, the material directly ahead of the tool is sheared and deformed under tremendous pressure. The deformed material then seeks to relieve its stressed condition by fracturing and flowing into the space above the tool in the form of a chip. 2.2 Cutting Tool Forces A general discussion of the forces acting in metalcutting is presented by using the example of a typical turning operation. When a solid bar is turned, there are three forces acting on the cutting tool: Tangential Force: This acts in a direction tangential to the revolving workpiece and represents the resista...See the full content of this document
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